Ports what are they and what is this hacking thing anyway
Hi,
Good question so here goes.
Programs fall into two classes Servers and Clients.
Servers are piece of software which provide information or services to a client.
A Client is a piece of software or hardware which gets information for a user.
So a webserver would be a server and a browser would be a client.
Now all Servers (or Services as they can also be called) have to share data via a PORT.
A port is an open doorway which commmunication is done through and they each have a number. Since only one service can be active on a port at any given time to listen for requests by a client.
Now to make life easier for makers of client software most services/servers run on designated port numbers a web browser by default tries to get information on port 80 from the target ip.
SO logic states that if you were to scan an ip and see something listening on port 80 its probably a web server - port 8080 its probably a proxy, port 1080 its a socks proxy - 25 an smtp server etc etc etc.
Now ports can be numbered 1-16.7 million and for more secure information its worth putting these services on ports people dont expect because most people will only scan the so called "known ports" numbers like 21, 25, 80, 110, 1080, 8080, 6667 etc etc.
So you use scanning to find out which door is open and to try and predict which services a machine is using so that you can hack or exploit it.
Example:
I scan a machine and find port 80 is open. I know there is a webserver.
I then use telnet to the machine on port 80 and send a bad request for a page like ASDFKSDJFASKDLFJSDKLFJSFSJD.asp - the request will then fail - but it will tell me what version of the webserver it is and what OS I am up against.
I can then look for exploits that version information I get back, if Im lucky its linux as there would be more exploits available to use.
But essentially as a starting point finding out what is running on a target pc is the point of port scanning. And while you can do this by hand using telnet it would take for ever to take one machine so automated scanners are much faster since doing 3 commands x 16.7 million ports by hand is allot of typing.
Ok I think that about covers it.
Xtreame
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